Notable folkloric feature: he can be bribed. Maintains the registery of human deeds, and is sometimes depicted as Enma’s scribe. #6: Hensei, “king of transformations,” probably due to presiding over the specifics of assigning a path of reincarnation. Often depicted in a monstrous form this is NOT related to oni imagery like some modern source might claim, it’s simply due to his Buddhist nature as a wrathful guardian of dharma.

#4: King Gokan, “king of the five offices,” evaluates the weight of individual sins (seemingly significant in early sources as Enma’s second in command). In Japan he was sometimes replaced by the noble Ono no Takamura due to misinterpretation of his legendary role as “third assistant in the court of Enma” as “king of the third court”. #3: King Sotei: name derived from the Song state (the one in the Zhou era, not the one conquered by Mongols). #2: King Shoko, “king of the river,” seemingly the name indicates he was seen as the overseer of Sanzu. #1: King Shinko, name seemingly derived from the Qin state (Makes a lot of sense! Qin grew in power due to embracing the legalist philosophy). Finally managed to compile where the name of each of the Ten Kings comes from and in a few cases how to tell them apart from the rest:

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